ifneq (, $(filter buildtest info-concurrency, $(MAKECMDGOALS)))
    ifeq (, $(strip $(NPROC)))
      # Linux (utility program)
      NPROC := $(shell nproc 2>/dev/null)
  
      ifeq (, $(strip $(NPROC)))
        # Linux (generic)
        NPROC := $(shell grep -c ^processor /proc/cpuinfo 2>/dev/null)
      endif
      ifeq (, $(strip $(NPROC)))
        # BSD (at least FreeBSD and Mac OSX)
        NPROC := $(shell sysctl -n hw.ncpu 2>/dev/null)
      endif
      ifeq (, $(strip $(NPROC)))
        # Fallback
        NPROC := 1
      endif
  
      NPROC := $(shell echo $$(($(NPROC) + 1)))
  
      ifneq (, $(NPROC_MAX))
        NPROC := $(shell if [ ${NPROC} -gt $(NPROC_MAX) ]; then echo $(NPROC_MAX); else echo ${NPROC}; fi)
      endif
      ifneq (, $(NPROC_MIN))
        NPROC := $(shell if [ ${NPROC} -lt $(NPROC_MIN) ]; then echo $(NPROC_MIN); else echo ${NPROC}; fi)
      endif
    endif
  endif
  
  .PHONY: buildtest info-objsize info-buildsize info-buildsizes \
          info-buildsizes-diff info-build info-boards-supported \
          info-features-missing info-boards-features-missing
  
  ifeq ($(BUILD_IN_DOCKER),1)
  buildtest: ..in-docker-container
  else
  buildtest:
  	@ \
  	BUILDTESTOK=true; \
  	APP_RETRY=0; \
  	for BOARD in $$($(MAKE) -s info-boards-supported); do \
  	  RIOTNOLINK=$$(echo $(BOARD_INSUFFICIENT_MEMORY) | grep $${BOARD} 2>&1 >/dev/null && echo 1); \
  	  ${COLOR_ECHO} -n "Building for $${BOARD} "; \
  	  [ -n "$${RIOTNOLINK}" ] && ${COLOR_ECHO} -n "(no linking) "; \
  	  for NTH_TRY in 1 2 3; do \
  	    ${COLOR_ECHO} -n ".. "; \
  	    if [ "$$NTH_TRY" != "3" ]; then export _CCACHE=$$CCACHE; else export _CCACHE=""; fi ; \
  	    LOG=$$(env -i \
  	        HOME=$${HOME} \
  	        PATH=$${PATH} \
  	        BOARD=$${BOARD} \
  	        CCACHE=$${_CCACHE} \
  	        $${CCACHE_DIR:+CCACHE_DIR=$${CCACHE_DIR}} \
  	        $${GIT_CACHE_DIR:+GIT_CACHE_DIR=$${GIT_CACHE_DIR}} \
  	        CCACHE_BASEDIR=$${CCACHE_BASEDIR} \
  	        RIOTBASE=$${RIOTBASE} \
  	        RIOTBOARD=$${RIOTBOARD} \
  	        RIOTCPU=$${RIOTCPU} \
  	        RIOTPKG=$${RIOTPKG} \
  	        BINDIRBASE=$${BINDIRBASE} \
  	        RIOTNOLINK=$${RIOTNOLINK} \
  	        RIOT_VERSION=$${RIOT_VERSION} \
  	        WERROR=$${WERROR} \
  	        LTO=$${LTO} \
  	        TOOLCHAIN=$${TOOLCHAIN} \
  	        $(MAKE) -j$(NPROC) clean all 2>&1) ; \
  	    if [ "$${?}" = "0" ]; then \
  	      ${COLOR_ECHO} "${COLOR_GREEN}success${COLOR_RESET}"; \
  	      if [ -n "$${BUILDTEST_VERBOSE}" ]; then \
  	        echo "$${LOG}" | tail -n +2 | head -n -2 | grep -v -E '^Building application|^\"make|^patching' | awk 'NF'; \
  	      fi; \
  	    elif [ -n "$${RIOT_DO_RETRY}" ] && [ "$${APP_RETRY}" -lt "3" ] && [ $${NTH_TRY} != 3 ]; then \
  	      ${COLOR_ECHO} -n "${COLOR_PURPLE}retrying${COLOR_RESET} "; \
  	      continue; \
  	    else \
  	      ${COLOR_ECHO} "${COLOR_RED}failed${COLOR_RESET}"; \
  	      if [ -n "$${BUILDTEST_VERBOSE}" ]; then \
  	        echo "$${LOG}" | grep -v -E '^\"make'; \
  	      fi; \
  	      APP_RETRY=`expr $${APP_RETRY} + 1`; \
  	      BUILDTESTOK=false; \
  	    fi; \
  	    break; \
  	  done; \
  	  env -i \
  	    HOME=$${HOME} \
  	    PATH=$${PATH} \
  	    BOARD=$${BOARD} \
  	    CCACHE=$${CCACHE} \
  	    $${CCACHE_DIR:+CCACHE_DIR=$${CCACHE_DIR}} \
  	    CCACHE_BASEDIR=$${CCACHE_BASEDIR} \
  	    $${GIT_CACHE_DIR:+GIT_CACHE_DIR=$${GIT_CACHE_DIR}} \
  	    RIOTBASE=$${RIOTBASE} \
  	    RIOTBOARD=$${RIOTBOARD} \
  	    RIOTCPU=$${RIOTCPU} \
  	    RIOTPKG=$${RIOTPKG} \
  	    BINDIRBASE=$${BINDIRBASE} \
  	    RIOTNOLINK=$${RIOTNOLINK} \
  	    RIOT_VERSION=$${RIOT_VERSION} \
  	    $(MAKE) clean-intermediates 2>&1 >/dev/null || true; \
  	done; \
  	$${BUILDTESTOK}
  endif # BUILD_IN_DOCKER
  
  info-objsize:
  	@case "${SORTROW}" in \
  	  text) SORTROW=1 ;; \
  	  data) SORTROW=2 ;; \
  	  bss) SORTROW=3 ;; \
  	  dec) SORTROW=4 ;; \
  	  "") SORTROW=4 ;; \
  	  *) echo "Usage: $(MAKE) info-objsize SORTROW=[text|data|bss|dec]" ; return ;; \
  	esac; \
  	echo -e '   text\t   data\t    bss\t    dec\t    hex\tfilename'; \
  	$(SIZE) -dB $(BASELIBS) | \
  	  tail -n+2 | \
  	  sed -e 's#$(BINDIR)##' | \
  	  sort -rnk$${SORTROW}
  
  info-buildsize:
  	@$(SIZE) -dB $(BINDIR)/$(APPLICATION).elf || echo ''
  
  info-buildsizes: SHELL=bash
  info-buildsizes:
  	@echo -e "   text\t   data\t    bss\t    dec\tboard"; \
  	for BOARD in $$($(MAKE) -s info-boards-supported); do \
  	  echo "$$(env -i \
  	    HOME=$${HOME} \
  	    PATH=$${PATH} \
  	    BOARD=$${BOARD} \
  	    RIOTBASE=$${RIOTBASE} \
  	    RIOTBOARD=$${RIOTBOARD} \
  	    RIOTCPU=$${RIOTCPU} \
  	    RIOTPKG=$${RIOTPKG} \
  	    BINDIRBASE=$${BINDIRBASE} \
  	    $(MAKE) info-buildsize 2>/dev/null | tail -n-1 | cut -f-4)" "$${BOARD}"; \
  	done;
  
  info-buildsizes-diff: SHELL=bash
  info-buildsizes-diff:
  	@echo -e "text\tdata\tbss\tdec\tBOARD/BINDIRBASE\n"; \
  	for BOARD in $$($(MAKE) -s info-boards-supported); do \
  	  for BINDIRBASE in $${OLDBIN} $${NEWBIN}; do \
  	    env -i \
  	      HOME=$${HOME} \
  	      PATH=$${PATH} \
  	      BOARD=$${BOARD} \
  	      RIOTBASE=$${RIOTBASE} \
  	      RIOTBOARD=$${RIOTBOARD} \
  	      RIOTCPU=$${RIOTCPU} \
  	      RIOTPKG=$${RIOTPKG} \
  	      BINDIRBASE=$${BINDIRBASE} \
  	      $(MAKE) info-buildsize 2>/dev/null | tail -n-1 | cut -f-4; \
  	  done | \
  	  while read -a OLD && read -a NEW; do \
  	    for I in 0 1 2 3; do \
  	      if [[ -n "$${NEW[I]}" && -n "$${OLD[I]}" ]]; then \
  	        DIFF=$$(($${NEW[I]} - $${OLD[I]})); \
  	        if [[ "$${DIFF}" -gt 0 ]]; then $(COLOR_ECHO) -n "${COLOR_RED}"; fi; \
  	        if [[ "$${DIFF}" -lt 0 ]]; then $(COLOR_ECHO) -n "${COLOR_GREEN}"; fi; \
  	      else \
  	        DIFF="${COLOR_RED}ERR"; \
  	      fi; \
  	      echo -ne "$${DIFF}\t${COLOR_RESET}"; \
  	    done; \
  	    echo "$${BOARD}"; \
  	    for I in 0 1 2 3; do echo -ne "$${OLD[I]-${COLOR_RED}ERR${COLOR_RESET}}\t"; done; echo -e "$${OLDBIN}"; \
  	    for I in 0 1 2 3; do echo -ne "$${NEW[I]-${COLOR_RED}ERR${COLOR_RESET}}\t"; done; echo -e "$${NEWBIN}\n"; \
  	  done; \
  	done;
  
  info-build:
  	@echo 'APPLICATION: $(APPLICATION)'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'supported boards:'
  	@$(foreach board,$(BOARDS),echo ' * $(board)';)
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'BOARD:   $(BOARD)'
  	@echo 'CPU:     $(CPU)'
  	@echo 'MCU:     $(MCU)'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'RIOTBASE:  $(RIOTBASE)'
  	@echo 'RIOTBOARD: $(RIOTBOARD)'
  	@echo 'RIOTCPU:   $(RIOTCPU)'
  	@echo 'RIOTPKG:   $(RIOTPKG)'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'DEFAULT_MODULE: $(sort $(filter-out $(DISABLE_MODULE), $(DEFAULT_MODULE)))'
  	@echo 'DISABLE_MODULE: $(sort $(DISABLE_MODULE))'
  	@echo 'USEMODULE:      $(sort $(filter-out $(DEFAULT_MODULE), $(USEMODULE)))'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'ELFFILE: $(ELFFILE)'
  	@echo 'HEXFILE: $(HEXFILE)'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'FEATURES_REQUIRED (excl. optional features):'
  	@echo '         $(or $(sort $(filter-out $(FEATURES_OPTIONAL), $(FEATURES_REQUIRED))), -none-)'
  	@echo 'FEATURES_OPTIONAL (strictly "nice to have"):'
  	@echo '         $(or $(sort $(FEATURES_OPTIONAL)), -none-)'
  	@echo 'FEATURES_PROVIDED (by the board or USEMODULE'"'"'d drivers):'
  	@echo '         $(or $(sort $(FEATURES_PROVIDED)), -none-)'
  	@echo 'FEATURES_MISSING (incl. optional features):'
  	@echo '         $(or $(sort $(filter-out $(FEATURES_PROVIDED), $(FEATURES_REQUIRED))), -none-)'
  	@echo 'FEATURES_MISSING (only non-optional features):'
  	@echo '         $(or $(sort $(filter-out $(FEATURES_OPTIONAL) $(FEATURES_PROVIDED), $(FEATURES_REQUIRED))), -none-)'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'FEATURES_CONFLICT:     $(FEATURES_CONFLICT)'
  	@echo 'FEATURES_CONFLICT_MSG: $(FEATURES_CONFLICT_MSG)'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'CC:      $(CC)'
  	@echo -e 'CFLAGS:$(patsubst %, \n\t%, $(CFLAGS))'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'CXX:     $(CXX)'
  	@echo -e 'CXXUWFLAGS:$(patsubst %, \n\t%, $(CXXUWFLAGS))'
  	@echo -e 'CXXEXFLAGS:$(patsubst %, \n\t%, $(CXXEXFLAGS))'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'LINK:    $(LINK)'
  	@echo -e 'LINKFLAGS:$(patsubst %, \n\t%, $(LINKFLAGS))'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'OBJCOPY: $(OBJCOPY)'
  	@echo 'OFLAGS:  $(OFLAGS)'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'FLASHER: $(FLASHER)'
  	@echo 'FFLAGS:  $(FFLAGS)'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'TERMPROG:  $(TERMPROG)'
  	@echo 'TERMFLAGS: $(TERMFLAGS)'
  	@echo 'PORT:      $(PORT)'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'DEBUGGER:       $(DEBUGGER)'
  	@echo 'DEBUGGER_FLAGS: $(DEBUGGER_FLAGS)'
  	@echo
  	@echo 'DOWNLOAD_TO_FILE:   $(DOWNLOAD_TO_FILE)'
  	@echo 'DOWNLOAD_TO_STDOUT: $(DOWNLOAD_TO_STDOUT)'
  	@echo 'UNZIP_HERE:         $(UNZIP_HERE)'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'DEBUGSERVER:       $(DEBUGSERVER)'
  	@echo 'DEBUGSERVER_FLAGS: $(DEBUGSERVER_FLAGS)'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo 'RESET:       $(RESET)'
  	@echo 'RESET_FLAGS: $(RESET_FLAGS)'
  	@echo ''
  	@echo -e 'MAKEFILE_LIST:$(patsubst %, \n\t%, $(abspath $(MAKEFILE_LIST)))'
  
  info-boards-supported:
  	@echo $(BOARDS)
  
  info-features-missing:
  	@echo $(filter-out $(FEATURES_PROVIDED), $(FEATURES_REQUIRED))
  
  info-boards-features-missing:
  	@for f in $(BOARDS_FEATURES_MISSING); do echo $${f}; done | column -t
  
  FEATURES_REQUIRED += $(FEATURES_OPTIONAL)
  
  ifneq (, $(filter info-boards-supported info-boards-features-missing info-build, $(MAKECMDGOALS)))
    FEATURES_PROVIDED_BAK := $(FEATURES_PROVIDED)
  
    define board_missing_features
      FEATURES_PROVIDED := $(FEATURES_PROVIDED_BAK)
      -include $${RIOTBOARD}/${1}/Makefile.features
      ifdef BUILDTEST_MCU_GROUP
        ifneq ($(BUILDTEST_MCU_GROUP), $$(FEATURES_MCU_GROUP))
          BOARDS_FEATURES_MISSING += "${1} $${BUILDTEST_MCU_GROUP}"
          BOARDS_WITH_MISSING_FEATURES += ${1}
        endif
      endif
  
      FEATURES_MISSING := $$(filter-out $$(FEATURES_PROVIDED), $$(FEATURES_REQUIRED))
      ifneq (, $${FEATURES_MISSING})
        BOARDS_FEATURES_MISSING += "${1} $${FEATURES_MISSING}"
        ifneq (, $$(filter-out $$(FEATURES_OPTIONAL), $$(FEATURES_MISSING)))
          BOARDS_WITH_MISSING_FEATURES += ${1}
        endif
      endif
    endef
  
    BOARDS ?= $(shell find $(RIOTBOARD)/* -maxdepth 0 -type d \! -name "*-common" -exec basename {} \;)
    BOARDS := $(filter $(if $(BOARD_WHITELIST), $(BOARD_WHITELIST), %), $(BOARDS))
    BOARDS := $(filter-out $(BOARD_BLACKLIST), $(BOARDS))
  
    BOARDS_WITH_MISSING_FEATURES :=
    BOARDS_FEATURES_MISSING :=
    $(foreach BOARD, $(BOARDS), $(eval $(call board_missing_features,$(BOARD))))
    BOARDS := $(filter-out $(BOARDS_WITH_MISSING_FEATURES), $(BOARDS))
  
    FEATURES_PROVIDED := $(FEATURES_PROVIDED_BAK)
  endif
  
  info-concurrency:
  	@echo "$(NPROC)"
  
  info-files: QUIET := 0
  info-files:
  	@( \
  	  echo "$(abspath $(shell echo "$(MAKEFILE_LIST)"))" | tr ' ' '\n'; \
  	  CSRC="$$($(MAKE) USEPKG="" -Bn | grep -o -e "[^ ]\+\.[csS]$$" -e "[^ ]\+\.[csS][ \']" | grep -v -e "^\s*-D")"; \
  	  echo "$$CSRC"; \
  	  echo "$(RIOTBASE)/Makefile.base"; \
  	  echo "$$CSRC" | xargs dirname -- | sort | uniq | xargs -I{} find {} -name "Makefile*"; \
  	  echo "$$CSRC" | xargs $(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(INCLUDES) -MM 2> /dev/null | grep -o "[^ ]\+\.h"; \
  	  if [ -n "$$SRCXX" ]; then \
  	    CPPSRC="$$($(MAKE) -Bn USEPKG="" | grep -o -e "[^ ]\+\.cpp" | grep -v -e "^\s*-D")"; \
  	    echo "$$CPPSRC"; \
  	    echo "$$CPPSRC" | xargs dirname -- | sort | uniq | xargs -I{} find {} -name "Makefile*"; \
  	    echo "$$CPPSRC" | xargs $(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(INCLUDES) -MM 2> /dev/null | grep -o "[^ ]\+\.h"; \
  	  fi; \
  	  $(foreach pkg,$(USEPKG),find $(RIOTPKG)/$(pkg) -type f;) \
  	) | sort | uniq | sed 's#$(RIOTBASE)/##'